a suggested set of intended activities for each Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) step — tailored specifically for a Writing Class in an EFL (English as a Foreign Language) context:
1. Questioning / Orientation
Objective: Stimulate curiosity and define the writing focus.
Intended Activities:
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Teacher shows a short video clip, image, or quote to spark discussion on a topic (e.g., “social media and youth”).
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Students brainstorm questions related to the topic (e.g., “How does social media affect communication?”).
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Class discussion to narrow down one guiding question or writing theme.
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Teacher introduces the genre focus (e.g., argumentative essay, descriptive paragraph).
2. Planning / Hypothesis Formation
Objective: Plan the writing project and predict possible content or arguments.
Intended Activities:
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Students outline their writing purpose, audience, and type (e.g., persuasive essay for peers).
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Create a mind map or outline of ideas and possible supporting points.
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Form groups and discuss possible “hypotheses” or arguments (e.g., “Using social media improves students’ writing skills”).
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Teacher guides how to gather evidence and structure the essay logically.
3. Investigation / Exploration
Objective: Gather data, examples, or information to support writing ideas.
Intended Activities:
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Students search for relevant information from articles, videos, or online sources.
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Conduct mini-interviews or surveys (if applicable).
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Take notes, highlight key vocabulary, and record evidence to support arguments.
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Teacher supports by introducing academic vocabulary and paraphrasing skills.
4. Analysis / Interpretation
Objective: Make sense of gathered information and connect it to writing goals.
Intended Activities:
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Students discuss findings in pairs or groups, comparing different perspectives.
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Identify the most relevant ideas and evidence for their writing.
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Class activity: reorganize evidence into main ideas and supporting details.
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Teacher provides a mini-lesson on paragraph organization (topic sentence, support, conclusion).
5. Conclusion / Explanation
Objective: Develop coherent written output and justify conclusions.
Intended Activities:
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Students draft their essays or paragraphs based on analyzed data.
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Peer feedback session focusing on coherence, grammar, and content accuracy.
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Teacher conferencing: one-on-one short feedback on structure and clarity.
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Revise drafts based on feedback.
6. Communication / Reflection
Objective: Share writing outcomes and reflect on learning process.
Intended Activities:
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Students present or publish their writing (e.g., class blog, poster, group reading).
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Peer evaluation and constructive feedback.
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Reflective journal: students write what they learned about writing and inquiry.
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Class discussion on how inquiry improved their writing skills and critical thinking.
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