measurements for reflective thinking skills

 

🧠 1. Reflective Thinking Skills

(a) Kember et al. (2000) — Reflective Thinking Questionnaire (RTQ)

Source:
Kember, D., Leung, D.Y.P., Jones, A., Loke, A.Y., McKay, J., Sinclair, K., … Yeung, E. (2000). Development of a Questionnaire to Measure the Level of Reflective Thinking. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 25(4), 381–395.

Description:

• Measures students’ tendency and ability to engage in reflection.

• 16 items, 4 subscales:

  1. Habitual Action (surface learning)

  2. Understanding

  3. Reflection

  4. Critical Reflection

• 5-point Likert scale (Strongly Disagree → Strongly Agree)

Example items:

• “I often reflect on my actions to see whether I could improve on what I have done.”

• “I act immediately without really thinking about what I am doing.” (reverse)

Reliability:
Cronbach’s α for subscales ranges from 0.60 to 0.76.

✅ Most widely used for measuring reflective thinking in higher education.

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(b) Mezirow’s Reflection Scale (adapted by King & Kitchener, 1994)

Source:
King, P. M., & Kitchener, K. S. (1994). Developing Reflective Judgment: Understanding and Promoting Intellectual Growth and Critical Thinking in Adolescents and Adults. Jossey-Bass.

Description:

• Focuses on stages of reflective judgment, from simple (belief in absolute truth) to complex (evaluating evidence and context).

• Often used in interview or scenario-based questionnaires rather than Likert scale form.